Is the EU Ready for Insects in Our Food? Controversy Over Mealworm Powder Approval
The EU's approval of UV-treated mealworm powder as a novel food sparks debate over food safety, consumer choice, and the push toward insect-based proteins.
The European Union has recently approved the use of UV-treated powder made from whole larvae of the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as a novel food ingredient. This decision, effective from February 10, 2025, allows the incorporation of this insect-derived powder into various food products across EU member states.
What Is UV-Treated Mealworm Powder?
Yellow mealworms are the larval stage of the Tenebrio molitor beetle. To create the powder, these larvae are first dried and then exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This UV treatment not only ensures the elimination of potential pathogens but also enhances the powder's vitamin D3 content. The resulting product is rich in proteins, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Approved Uses in Food Products
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has deemed UV-treated mealworm powder safe for human consumption under specified conditions. It can now be used in a range of food items, including:
Bread and rolls
Cakes
Pasta-based products
Processed potato products
Cheese and cheese products
Fruit and vegetable compotes
Safety and Allergen Information
While the powder is considered safe, it's important to note potential allergenic concerns. Individuals with known allergies to crustaceans or dust mites may experience allergic reactions upon consuming products containing mealworm powder. Therefore, foods incorporating this ingredient must be clearly labeled to inform consumers of its presence.
Market Authorization
For the first five years following this approval, only the French company Nutri’Earth holds the exclusive rights to market UV-treated mealworm powder within the EU. This exclusivity is in place unless another applicant secures authorization based on separate scientific data.
It remains to be seen whether European consumers will embrace insect-based ingredients in their daily diets. While regulatory bodies emphasize safety and sustainability, cultural perceptions and consumer acceptance will ultimately determine whether mealworm powder becomes a staple or remains a niche product in the market.
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